Virtualbox Windows Additions
2022年1月2日Download here: http://gg.gg/xf6nw
In the previous article, we have seen how to install Centos 7 Minimal on VirtualBox. In this article, you will learn how to install guest additions in VirtualBox.
The version of VirtualBox you are using. The host and guest OSes. Whether you have enabled VT-x/AMD-V (applicable to all hosts running 6.1 and above) and disabled HyperV (applicable to Windows 10 Hosts) Whether you have installed Guest Additions and/or Host Extensions (this solves 90% of the problems we see). Windows VirtualBox Guest Additions setup is extremely simple. You do not have to download Oracle VirtualBox Guest Additions CD. All you have to do is, when Windows virtual appliance is running, go to Devices - Insert Guest Additions CD image as shown in the picture below. This will mount the VBox Guest Additions CD as a drive for installation.
Guest additions are drivers and software applications that enable some of the features in VirtualBox which is not enabled by default.
Guest additions features include:
*Improved Video support.
*Mouse point Integration.
*Shared folder support between Host and Guest operating system.
*Shared Clipboard between Host and Guest Operating system.
*Better time synchronization between Host and Guest Operating systems.Install Guest Additions in VirtualBox
Guest additions come with the VirtualBox package so you don’t need to download it separately. To install guest additions you need a guest OS machine running. Go to “Devices ⇒ Insert Guest Additions CD Image ⇒ Run”.
Type the following command to mount the Guest addition and run the installer.
In case if we run any Linux OS with a Desktop version the installation will be automatically taken care of. Once you press “Insert Guest Additions CD image” automatically Installer will start running.
You will get a message as shown below. Reboot the VM machine to make the changes to be effective.
Now when you reboot the machine the first thing you will notice is your display resolution is automatically adjusted according to the size of the screen. You never need to explicitly set the display resolution.Enable Mouse Integration in VirtualBox
Mouse point integration will only be supported once the Guest addition is installed. You can see from the below image the option is grayed out.
Normally when you click inside the VM machine your mouse will be united with VM. To bring the mouse back to the host os you need to press the CTRL key that will release the mouse from VM. Guest additions support mouse point integration which allows you to use mouse between VM and Host machine without pressing any keys.
Go to Input and Press Mouse Integration to enable it. To disable it press the same option again.Enable Shared Clipboard and Drag/Drop in VirtualBox
You can use a shared clipboard between your Host OS and Guest OS by enabling the shared clipboard feature. You can also drag any files from the host machine to the guest machine through the drag and drop feature. To enable both the feature go to “Machine ⇒ Settings ⇒ General ⇒ Advanced”.
There are different options on how to set both the features. I always prefer setting it to bidirectional.Enable Shared Folder in VirtualBox
The shared folder option enables you to mount directories from the host machine to the guest VM. This gives an advantage of working with files and directories that can be accessed from both Guest VM and Host OS. To enable a shared folder follow the below method.
Go to “Machine ⇒ Settings ⇒ Shared Folders”. You have to fill the folder path in your local file system and mount the point location in your guest OS. You have to choose “Auto Mount” options so shared folders will be automatically mounted and no need of adding any entries in fstab.
The shared files and directory will be owned by root in your Guest OS. In order to access it with any normal user add the user to the vboxsf group.
In the next article, we will be talking about different networking options in VirtualBox.
Table of Contents4.1. Introduction to Guest Additions4.2. Installing and Maintaining Guest Additions4.2.1. Guest Additions for Windows4.2.2. Guest Additions for Linux4.2.3. Guest Additions for Oracle Solaris4.2.4. Guest Additions for OS/24.3. Shared Folders4.3.1. Manual Mounting4.3.2. Automatic Mounting4.4. Drag and Drop4.4.1. Supported Formats4.4.2. Known Limitations4.5. Hardware-Accelerated Graphics4.5.1. Hardware 3D Acceleration (OpenGL and Direct3D 8/9)4.5.2. Hardware 2D Video Acceleration for Windows Guests4.6. Seamless Windows4.7. Guest Properties4.7.1. Using Guest Properties to Wait on VM Events4.8. Guest Control File Manager4.8.1. Using the Guest Control File Manager4.9. Guest Control of Applications4.10. Memory Overcommitment4.10.1. Memory Ballooning4.10.2. Page Fusion4.11. Controlling Virtual Monitor Topology4.11.1. X11/Wayland Desktop Environments
The previous chapter covered getting started with Oracle VM VirtualBox and installing operating systems in a virtual machine. For any serious and interactive use, the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions will make your life much easier by providing closer integration between host and guest and improving the interactive performance of guest systems. This chapter describes the Guest Additions in detail.
As mentioned in Section 1.2, “Some Terminology”, the Guest Additions are designed to be installed inside a virtual machine after the guest operating system has been installed. They consist of device drivers and system applications that optimize the guest operating system for better performance and usability. See Section 3.1, “Supported Guest Operating Systems” for details on what guest operating systems are fully supported with Guest Additions by Oracle VM VirtualBox.
The Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions for all supported guest operating systems are provided as a single CD-ROM image file which is called VBoxGuestAdditions.iso. This image file is located in the installation directory of Oracle VM VirtualBox. To install the Guest Additions for a particular VM, you mount this ISO file in your VM as a virtual CD-ROM and install from there.
The Guest Additions offer the following features:
*
Mouse pointer integration. To overcome the limitations for mouse support described in Section 1.8.2, “Capturing and Releasing Keyboard and Mouse”, this feature provides you with seamless mouse support. You will only have one mouse pointer and pressing the Host key is no longer required to free the mouse from being captured by the guest OS. To make this work, a special mouse driver is installed in the guest that communicates with the physical mouse driver on your host and moves the guest mouse pointer accordingly.
*
Shared folders. These provide an easy way to exchange files between the host and the guest. Much like ordinary Windows network shares, you can tell Oracle VM VirtualBox to treat a certain host directory as a shared folder, and Oracle VM VirtualBox will make it available to the guest operating system as a network share, irrespective of whether the guest actually has a network. See Section 4.3, “Shared Folders”.
*
Better video support. While the virtual graphics card which Oracle VM VirtualBox emulates for any guest operating system provides all the basic features, the custom video drivers that are installed with the Guest Additions provide you with extra high and non-standard video modes, as well as accelerated video performance.
In addition, with Windows, Linux, and Oracle Solaris guests, you can resize the virtual machine’s window if the Guest Additions are installed. The video resolution in the guest will be automatically adjusted, as if you had manually entered an arbitrary resolution in the guest’s Display settings. See Section 1.8.5, “Resizing the Machine’s Window”.
If the Guest Additions are installed, 3D graphics and 2D video for guest applications can be accelerated. See Section 4.5, “Hardware-Accelerated Graphics”.
*
Seamless windows. With this feature, the individual windows that are displayed on the desktop of the virtual machine can be mapped on the host’s desktop, as if the underlying application was actually running on the host. See Section 4.6, “Seamless Windows”.
*
Generic host/guest communication channels. The Guest Additions enable you to control and monitor guest execution. The guest properties provide a generic string-based mechanism to exchange data bits between a guest and a host, some of which have special meanings for controlling and monitoring the guest. See Section 4.7, “Guest Properties”.
Additionally, applications can be started in a guest from the host. See Section 4.9, “Guest Control of Applications”.
*
Time synchronization. With the Guest Additions installed, Oracle VM VirtualBox can ensure that the guest’s system time is better synchronized with that of the host.
For various reasons, the time in the guest might run at a slightly different rate than the time on the host. The host could be receiving updates through NTP and its own time might not run linearly. A VM could also be paused, which stops the flow of time in the guest for a shorter or longer period of time. When the wall clock time between the guest and host only differs slightly, the time synchronization service attempts to gradually and smoothly adjust the guest time in small increments to either catch up or lose time. When the difference is too great, for example if a VM paused for hours or restored from saved state, the guest time is changed immediately, without a gradual adjustment.
The Guest Additions will resynchronize the time regularly. See Section 9.11.3, “Tuning the Guest Additions Time Synchronization Parameters” for how to configure the parameters of the time synchronization mechanism.
*
Shared clipboard. With the Guest Additions installed, the clipboard of the guest operating system can optionally be shared with your host operating system. See Section 3.4, “General Settings”.
*
Automated logins. Also called credentials passing. See Section 9.1, “Automated Guest Logins”.
Each version of Oracle VM VirtualBox, even minor releases, ship with their own version of the Guest Additions. While the interfaces through which the Oracle VM VirtualBox core communicates with the Guest Additions are kept stable so that Guest Additions already installed in a VM should continue to work when Oracle VM VirtualBox is upgraded on the host, for best results, it is recommended to keep the Guest Additions at the same version.
The Windows and Linux Guest Additions therefore check automatically whether they have to be updated. If the host is running a newer Oracle VM VirtualBox version than the Guest Additions, a notification with further instructions is displayed in the guest.
To disable this update check for the Guest Additions of a given virtual machine, set the value of its /VirtualBox/GuestAdd/CheckHostVersion guest property to 0. See Section 4.7, “Guest Properties”.
Guest Additions are available for virtual machines running Windows, Linux, Oracle Solaris, or OS/2. The following sections describe the specifics of each variant in detail.
The Oracle VM VirtualBox Windows Guest Additions are designed to be installed in a virtual machine running a Windows operating system. The following versions of Windows guests are supported:
*
Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 (any service pack)
*
Microsoft Windows 2000 (any service pack)
*
Microsoft Windows XP (any service pack)
*
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 (any service pack)
*
Microsoft Windows Server 2008
*
Microsoft Windows Vista (all editions)
*
Microsoft Windows 7 (all editions)
*
Microsoft Windows 8 (all editions)
*
Microsoft Windows 10 RTM build 10240
*
Microsoft Windows Server 2012
In the Devices menu in the virtual machine’s menu bar, Oracle VM VirtualBox has a menu item Insert Guest Additions CD Image, which mounts the Guest Additions ISO file inside your virtual machine. A Windows guest should then automatically start the Guest Additions installer, which installs the Guest Additions on your Windows guest.
For other guest operating systems, or if automatic start of software on a CD is disabled, you need to do a manual start of the installer. Note
For the basic Direct3D acceleration to work in a Windows guest, you have to install the WDDM video driver available for Windows Vista or later.
For Windows 8 and later, only the WDDM Direct3D video driver is available. For basic Direct3D acceleration to work in Windows XP guests, you have to install the Guest Additions in Safe Mode. See Chapter 14, Known Limitations for details.
If you prefer to mount the Guest Additions manually, you can perform the following steps:
*
Start the virtual machine in which you have installed Windows.
*
Select Optical Drives from the Devices menu in the virtual machine’s menu bar and then Choose/Create a Disk Image. This displays the Virtual Media Manager, described in Section 5.3, “The Virtual Media Manager”.
*
In the Virtual Media Manager, click Add and browse your host file system for the VBoxGuestAdditions.iso file.
*
On a Windows host, this file is in the Oracle VM VirtualBox installation directory, usually in C:Program filesOracleVirtualBox.
*
On Mac OS X hosts, this file is in the application bundle of Oracle VM VirtualBox. Right-click on the Oracle VM VirtualBox icon in Finder and choose Show Package Contents. The file is located in the Contents/MacOS folder.
*
On a Linux host, this file is in the additions folder where you installed Oracle VM VirtualBox, usually /opt/VirtualBox/.
*
On Oracle Solaris hosts, this file is in the additions folder where you installed Oracle VM VirtualBox, usually /opt/VirtualBox.
*
In the Virtual Media Manager, select the ISO file and click the Add button. This mounts the ISO file and presents it to your Windows guest as a CD-ROM.
Unless you have the Autostart feature disabled in your Windows guest, Windows will now autostart the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions installation program from the Additions ISO. If the Autostart feature has been turned off, choose VBoxWindowsAdditions.exe from the CD/DVD drive inside the guest to start the installer.
The installer will add several device drivers to the Windows driver database and then invoke the hardware detection wizard.
Depending on your configuration, it might display warnings that the drivers are not digitally signed. You must confirm these in order to continue the installation and properly install the Additions.
After installation, reboot your guest operating system to activate the Additions.
Windows Guest Additions can be updated by running the installation program again. This replaces the previous Additions drivers with updated versions.
Alternatively, you can also open the Windows Device Manager and select Update Driver... for the following devices:
*
Oracle VM VirtualBox Graphics Adapter
*
Oracle VM VirtualBox System Device
For each, choose the option to provide your own driver, click Have Disk and navigate to the CD-ROM drive with the Guest Additions.
To avoid popups when performing an unattended installation of the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions, the code signing certificates used to sign the drivers needs to be installed in the correct certificate stores on the guest operating system. Failure to do this will cause a typical Windows installation to display multiple dialogs asking whether you want to install a particular driver. Note
On some Windows versions, such as Windows 2000 and Windows XP, the user intervention popups mentioned above are always displayed, even after importing the Oracle certificates.
Installing the code signing certificates on a Windows guest can be done automatically. Use the VBoxCertUtil.exe utility from the cert folder on the Guest Additions installation CD.
Use the following steps:
*
Log in as Administrator on the guest.
*
Mount the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions .ISO.
*
Open a command line window on the guest and change to the cert folder on the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions CD.
*
Run the following command:
This command installs the certificates to the certificate store. When installing the same certificate more than once, an appropriate error will be displayed.
To allow for completely unattended guest installations, you can specify a command line parameter to the install launcher:
This automatically installs the right files and drivers for the corresponding platform, either 32-bit or 64-bit. Note
By default on an unattended installation on a Vista or Windows 7 guest, there will be the XPDM graphics driver installed. This graphics driver does not support Windows Aero / Direct3D on the guest. Instead, the WDDM graphics driver needs to be installed. To select this driver by default, add the command line parameter /with_wddm when invoking the Windows Guest Additions installer. This is only required for Vista and Windows 7. Note
For Windows Aero to run correctly on a guest, the guest’s VRAM size needs to be configured to at least 128 MB.
For more options regarding unattended guest installations, consult the command line help by using the command:
If you would like to install the files and drivers manually, you can extract the files from the Windows Guest Additions setup as follows:
To explicitly extract the Windows Guest Additions for another platform than the current running one, such as 64-bit files on a 32-bit system, you must use the appropriate platform installer. Use VBoxWindowsAdditions-x86.exe or VBoxWindowsAdditions-amd64.exe with the /extract parameter.
Like the Windows Guest Additions, the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions for Linux are a set of device drivers and system applications which may be installed in the guest operating system.
The following Linux distributions are officially supported:
*
Oracle Linux as of version 5, including UEK kernels
*
Fedora as of Fedora Core 4
*
Red Hat Enterprise Linux as of version 3
*
SUSE and openSUSE Linux as of version 9
*
Ubuntu as of version 5.10
Many other distributions are known to work with the Guest Additions.
The version of the Linux kernel supplied by default in SUSE and openSUSE 10.2, Ubuntu 6.10 (all versions) and Ubuntu 6.06 (server edition) contains a bug which can cause it to crash during startup when it is run in a virtual machine. The Guest Additions work in those distributions.
Note that some Linux distributions already come with all or part of the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions. You may choose to keep the distribution’s version of the Guest Additions but these are often not up to date and limited in functionality, so we recommend replacing them with the Guest Additions that come with Oracle VM VirtualBox. The Oracle VM VirtualBox Linux Guest Additions installer tries to detect an existing installation and replace them but depending on how the distribution integrates the Guest Additions, this may require so
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In the previous article, we have seen how to install Centos 7 Minimal on VirtualBox. In this article, you will learn how to install guest additions in VirtualBox.
The version of VirtualBox you are using. The host and guest OSes. Whether you have enabled VT-x/AMD-V (applicable to all hosts running 6.1 and above) and disabled HyperV (applicable to Windows 10 Hosts) Whether you have installed Guest Additions and/or Host Extensions (this solves 90% of the problems we see). Windows VirtualBox Guest Additions setup is extremely simple. You do not have to download Oracle VirtualBox Guest Additions CD. All you have to do is, when Windows virtual appliance is running, go to Devices - Insert Guest Additions CD image as shown in the picture below. This will mount the VBox Guest Additions CD as a drive for installation.
Guest additions are drivers and software applications that enable some of the features in VirtualBox which is not enabled by default.
Guest additions features include:
*Improved Video support.
*Mouse point Integration.
*Shared folder support between Host and Guest operating system.
*Shared Clipboard between Host and Guest Operating system.
*Better time synchronization between Host and Guest Operating systems.Install Guest Additions in VirtualBox
Guest additions come with the VirtualBox package so you don’t need to download it separately. To install guest additions you need a guest OS machine running. Go to “Devices ⇒ Insert Guest Additions CD Image ⇒ Run”.
Type the following command to mount the Guest addition and run the installer.
In case if we run any Linux OS with a Desktop version the installation will be automatically taken care of. Once you press “Insert Guest Additions CD image” automatically Installer will start running.
You will get a message as shown below. Reboot the VM machine to make the changes to be effective.
Now when you reboot the machine the first thing you will notice is your display resolution is automatically adjusted according to the size of the screen. You never need to explicitly set the display resolution.Enable Mouse Integration in VirtualBox
Mouse point integration will only be supported once the Guest addition is installed. You can see from the below image the option is grayed out.
Normally when you click inside the VM machine your mouse will be united with VM. To bring the mouse back to the host os you need to press the CTRL key that will release the mouse from VM. Guest additions support mouse point integration which allows you to use mouse between VM and Host machine without pressing any keys.
Go to Input and Press Mouse Integration to enable it. To disable it press the same option again.Enable Shared Clipboard and Drag/Drop in VirtualBox
You can use a shared clipboard between your Host OS and Guest OS by enabling the shared clipboard feature. You can also drag any files from the host machine to the guest machine through the drag and drop feature. To enable both the feature go to “Machine ⇒ Settings ⇒ General ⇒ Advanced”.
There are different options on how to set both the features. I always prefer setting it to bidirectional.Enable Shared Folder in VirtualBox
The shared folder option enables you to mount directories from the host machine to the guest VM. This gives an advantage of working with files and directories that can be accessed from both Guest VM and Host OS. To enable a shared folder follow the below method.
Go to “Machine ⇒ Settings ⇒ Shared Folders”. You have to fill the folder path in your local file system and mount the point location in your guest OS. You have to choose “Auto Mount” options so shared folders will be automatically mounted and no need of adding any entries in fstab.
The shared files and directory will be owned by root in your Guest OS. In order to access it with any normal user add the user to the vboxsf group.
In the next article, we will be talking about different networking options in VirtualBox.
Table of Contents4.1. Introduction to Guest Additions4.2. Installing and Maintaining Guest Additions4.2.1. Guest Additions for Windows4.2.2. Guest Additions for Linux4.2.3. Guest Additions for Oracle Solaris4.2.4. Guest Additions for OS/24.3. Shared Folders4.3.1. Manual Mounting4.3.2. Automatic Mounting4.4. Drag and Drop4.4.1. Supported Formats4.4.2. Known Limitations4.5. Hardware-Accelerated Graphics4.5.1. Hardware 3D Acceleration (OpenGL and Direct3D 8/9)4.5.2. Hardware 2D Video Acceleration for Windows Guests4.6. Seamless Windows4.7. Guest Properties4.7.1. Using Guest Properties to Wait on VM Events4.8. Guest Control File Manager4.8.1. Using the Guest Control File Manager4.9. Guest Control of Applications4.10. Memory Overcommitment4.10.1. Memory Ballooning4.10.2. Page Fusion4.11. Controlling Virtual Monitor Topology4.11.1. X11/Wayland Desktop Environments
The previous chapter covered getting started with Oracle VM VirtualBox and installing operating systems in a virtual machine. For any serious and interactive use, the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions will make your life much easier by providing closer integration between host and guest and improving the interactive performance of guest systems. This chapter describes the Guest Additions in detail.
As mentioned in Section 1.2, “Some Terminology”, the Guest Additions are designed to be installed inside a virtual machine after the guest operating system has been installed. They consist of device drivers and system applications that optimize the guest operating system for better performance and usability. See Section 3.1, “Supported Guest Operating Systems” for details on what guest operating systems are fully supported with Guest Additions by Oracle VM VirtualBox.
The Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions for all supported guest operating systems are provided as a single CD-ROM image file which is called VBoxGuestAdditions.iso. This image file is located in the installation directory of Oracle VM VirtualBox. To install the Guest Additions for a particular VM, you mount this ISO file in your VM as a virtual CD-ROM and install from there.
The Guest Additions offer the following features:
*
Mouse pointer integration. To overcome the limitations for mouse support described in Section 1.8.2, “Capturing and Releasing Keyboard and Mouse”, this feature provides you with seamless mouse support. You will only have one mouse pointer and pressing the Host key is no longer required to free the mouse from being captured by the guest OS. To make this work, a special mouse driver is installed in the guest that communicates with the physical mouse driver on your host and moves the guest mouse pointer accordingly.
*
Shared folders. These provide an easy way to exchange files between the host and the guest. Much like ordinary Windows network shares, you can tell Oracle VM VirtualBox to treat a certain host directory as a shared folder, and Oracle VM VirtualBox will make it available to the guest operating system as a network share, irrespective of whether the guest actually has a network. See Section 4.3, “Shared Folders”.
*
Better video support. While the virtual graphics card which Oracle VM VirtualBox emulates for any guest operating system provides all the basic features, the custom video drivers that are installed with the Guest Additions provide you with extra high and non-standard video modes, as well as accelerated video performance.
In addition, with Windows, Linux, and Oracle Solaris guests, you can resize the virtual machine’s window if the Guest Additions are installed. The video resolution in the guest will be automatically adjusted, as if you had manually entered an arbitrary resolution in the guest’s Display settings. See Section 1.8.5, “Resizing the Machine’s Window”.
If the Guest Additions are installed, 3D graphics and 2D video for guest applications can be accelerated. See Section 4.5, “Hardware-Accelerated Graphics”.
*
Seamless windows. With this feature, the individual windows that are displayed on the desktop of the virtual machine can be mapped on the host’s desktop, as if the underlying application was actually running on the host. See Section 4.6, “Seamless Windows”.
*
Generic host/guest communication channels. The Guest Additions enable you to control and monitor guest execution. The guest properties provide a generic string-based mechanism to exchange data bits between a guest and a host, some of which have special meanings for controlling and monitoring the guest. See Section 4.7, “Guest Properties”.
Additionally, applications can be started in a guest from the host. See Section 4.9, “Guest Control of Applications”.
*
Time synchronization. With the Guest Additions installed, Oracle VM VirtualBox can ensure that the guest’s system time is better synchronized with that of the host.
For various reasons, the time in the guest might run at a slightly different rate than the time on the host. The host could be receiving updates through NTP and its own time might not run linearly. A VM could also be paused, which stops the flow of time in the guest for a shorter or longer period of time. When the wall clock time between the guest and host only differs slightly, the time synchronization service attempts to gradually and smoothly adjust the guest time in small increments to either catch up or lose time. When the difference is too great, for example if a VM paused for hours or restored from saved state, the guest time is changed immediately, without a gradual adjustment.
The Guest Additions will resynchronize the time regularly. See Section 9.11.3, “Tuning the Guest Additions Time Synchronization Parameters” for how to configure the parameters of the time synchronization mechanism.
*
Shared clipboard. With the Guest Additions installed, the clipboard of the guest operating system can optionally be shared with your host operating system. See Section 3.4, “General Settings”.
*
Automated logins. Also called credentials passing. See Section 9.1, “Automated Guest Logins”.
Each version of Oracle VM VirtualBox, even minor releases, ship with their own version of the Guest Additions. While the interfaces through which the Oracle VM VirtualBox core communicates with the Guest Additions are kept stable so that Guest Additions already installed in a VM should continue to work when Oracle VM VirtualBox is upgraded on the host, for best results, it is recommended to keep the Guest Additions at the same version.
The Windows and Linux Guest Additions therefore check automatically whether they have to be updated. If the host is running a newer Oracle VM VirtualBox version than the Guest Additions, a notification with further instructions is displayed in the guest.
To disable this update check for the Guest Additions of a given virtual machine, set the value of its /VirtualBox/GuestAdd/CheckHostVersion guest property to 0. See Section 4.7, “Guest Properties”.
Guest Additions are available for virtual machines running Windows, Linux, Oracle Solaris, or OS/2. The following sections describe the specifics of each variant in detail.
The Oracle VM VirtualBox Windows Guest Additions are designed to be installed in a virtual machine running a Windows operating system. The following versions of Windows guests are supported:
*
Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 (any service pack)
*
Microsoft Windows 2000 (any service pack)
*
Microsoft Windows XP (any service pack)
*
Microsoft Windows Server 2003 (any service pack)
*
Microsoft Windows Server 2008
*
Microsoft Windows Vista (all editions)
*
Microsoft Windows 7 (all editions)
*
Microsoft Windows 8 (all editions)
*
Microsoft Windows 10 RTM build 10240
*
Microsoft Windows Server 2012
In the Devices menu in the virtual machine’s menu bar, Oracle VM VirtualBox has a menu item Insert Guest Additions CD Image, which mounts the Guest Additions ISO file inside your virtual machine. A Windows guest should then automatically start the Guest Additions installer, which installs the Guest Additions on your Windows guest.
For other guest operating systems, or if automatic start of software on a CD is disabled, you need to do a manual start of the installer. Note
For the basic Direct3D acceleration to work in a Windows guest, you have to install the WDDM video driver available for Windows Vista or later.
For Windows 8 and later, only the WDDM Direct3D video driver is available. For basic Direct3D acceleration to work in Windows XP guests, you have to install the Guest Additions in Safe Mode. See Chapter 14, Known Limitations for details.
If you prefer to mount the Guest Additions manually, you can perform the following steps:
*
Start the virtual machine in which you have installed Windows.
*
Select Optical Drives from the Devices menu in the virtual machine’s menu bar and then Choose/Create a Disk Image. This displays the Virtual Media Manager, described in Section 5.3, “The Virtual Media Manager”.
*
In the Virtual Media Manager, click Add and browse your host file system for the VBoxGuestAdditions.iso file.
*
On a Windows host, this file is in the Oracle VM VirtualBox installation directory, usually in C:Program filesOracleVirtualBox.
*
On Mac OS X hosts, this file is in the application bundle of Oracle VM VirtualBox. Right-click on the Oracle VM VirtualBox icon in Finder and choose Show Package Contents. The file is located in the Contents/MacOS folder.
*
On a Linux host, this file is in the additions folder where you installed Oracle VM VirtualBox, usually /opt/VirtualBox/.
*
On Oracle Solaris hosts, this file is in the additions folder where you installed Oracle VM VirtualBox, usually /opt/VirtualBox.
*
In the Virtual Media Manager, select the ISO file and click the Add button. This mounts the ISO file and presents it to your Windows guest as a CD-ROM.
Unless you have the Autostart feature disabled in your Windows guest, Windows will now autostart the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions installation program from the Additions ISO. If the Autostart feature has been turned off, choose VBoxWindowsAdditions.exe from the CD/DVD drive inside the guest to start the installer.
The installer will add several device drivers to the Windows driver database and then invoke the hardware detection wizard.
Depending on your configuration, it might display warnings that the drivers are not digitally signed. You must confirm these in order to continue the installation and properly install the Additions.
After installation, reboot your guest operating system to activate the Additions.
Windows Guest Additions can be updated by running the installation program again. This replaces the previous Additions drivers with updated versions.
Alternatively, you can also open the Windows Device Manager and select Update Driver... for the following devices:
*
Oracle VM VirtualBox Graphics Adapter
*
Oracle VM VirtualBox System Device
For each, choose the option to provide your own driver, click Have Disk and navigate to the CD-ROM drive with the Guest Additions.
To avoid popups when performing an unattended installation of the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions, the code signing certificates used to sign the drivers needs to be installed in the correct certificate stores on the guest operating system. Failure to do this will cause a typical Windows installation to display multiple dialogs asking whether you want to install a particular driver. Note
On some Windows versions, such as Windows 2000 and Windows XP, the user intervention popups mentioned above are always displayed, even after importing the Oracle certificates.
Installing the code signing certificates on a Windows guest can be done automatically. Use the VBoxCertUtil.exe utility from the cert folder on the Guest Additions installation CD.
Use the following steps:
*
Log in as Administrator on the guest.
*
Mount the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions .ISO.
*
Open a command line window on the guest and change to the cert folder on the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions CD.
*
Run the following command:
This command installs the certificates to the certificate store. When installing the same certificate more than once, an appropriate error will be displayed.
To allow for completely unattended guest installations, you can specify a command line parameter to the install launcher:
This automatically installs the right files and drivers for the corresponding platform, either 32-bit or 64-bit. Note
By default on an unattended installation on a Vista or Windows 7 guest, there will be the XPDM graphics driver installed. This graphics driver does not support Windows Aero / Direct3D on the guest. Instead, the WDDM graphics driver needs to be installed. To select this driver by default, add the command line parameter /with_wddm when invoking the Windows Guest Additions installer. This is only required for Vista and Windows 7. Note
For Windows Aero to run correctly on a guest, the guest’s VRAM size needs to be configured to at least 128 MB.
For more options regarding unattended guest installations, consult the command line help by using the command:
If you would like to install the files and drivers manually, you can extract the files from the Windows Guest Additions setup as follows:
To explicitly extract the Windows Guest Additions for another platform than the current running one, such as 64-bit files on a 32-bit system, you must use the appropriate platform installer. Use VBoxWindowsAdditions-x86.exe or VBoxWindowsAdditions-amd64.exe with the /extract parameter.
Like the Windows Guest Additions, the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions for Linux are a set of device drivers and system applications which may be installed in the guest operating system.
The following Linux distributions are officially supported:
*
Oracle Linux as of version 5, including UEK kernels
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Fedora as of Fedora Core 4
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Red Hat Enterprise Linux as of version 3
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SUSE and openSUSE Linux as of version 9
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Ubuntu as of version 5.10
Many other distributions are known to work with the Guest Additions.
The version of the Linux kernel supplied by default in SUSE and openSUSE 10.2, Ubuntu 6.10 (all versions) and Ubuntu 6.06 (server edition) contains a bug which can cause it to crash during startup when it is run in a virtual machine. The Guest Additions work in those distributions.
Note that some Linux distributions already come with all or part of the Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions. You may choose to keep the distribution’s version of the Guest Additions but these are often not up to date and limited in functionality, so we recommend replacing them with the Guest Additions that come with Oracle VM VirtualBox. The Oracle VM VirtualBox Linux Guest Additions installer tries to detect an existing installation and replace them but depending on how the distribution integrates the Guest Additions, this may require so
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